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Prime Minister and policies (1972-Today)
Topic : Prime Minister and policies (1972-Today)
In this topic you will learn...
Chapter 1 :
Gough Whitlam
Gough Whitlam was the first Labor Prime Minister in 23 years, and was keen to bring about a number of reforms and a progressive approach to the Australian national identity
In 1972 Whitlam officially ended conscription, and in 1973 he was responsible for setting up the Law Reform Commission, the Social Welfare Commission, the Aboriginal Land Rights Commission, and an agency for Women's Affairs
He implemented free tertiary education
Whitlam's success as a reformer also came with increased unpopularity in the electorate due to his government's mismanagement of the economy in an era of global economic turmoil
His term in office was cut short in November 1975 when he became the only Prime Minister to be removed from office by the Governor-General, in what is known as 'The Dismissal'
Chapter 2 :
Malcolm Fraser
Malcolm Fraser initially became Prime Minister in a caretaker role, in the wake of the dismissal of Gough Whitlam on 11 November 1975, an event he set in motion
He won the post-dismissal election by a landslide and served as Prime Minister for seven and a half years to 1983
Despite being conservative in ideology, Fraser's coalition continued many of the social and political reforms begun under Whitlam
The Fraser government was responsible for establishing some of the key elements of the contemporary Australian social and political landscape, such as SBS and the new Parliament House
After losing office to Bob Hawke, Fraser later broke with the majority of Liberal party members, in supporting an Australian Republic, in publicly opposing the Howard government's policies on asylum-seekers
Chapter 3 :
Bob Hawke
Bob Hawke was a popular and iconic Labor Prime Minister throughout the 1980s, during which he won four elections in a row
As President of the Australian Council of Trade Unions in the 1970s he gained a high public profile and was involved in settling many industrial disputes
The Hawke government was criticised from outside and from within the ALP for its willingness to do deals with business interests
One key development in the Hawke years was allowing the operation of foreign banks on Australian soil and the floating of the Australian dollar on international money markets
The 1987 stock market crash reflected badly on Hawke`s economic policies and in 1991 he was forced to hand over to Paul Keating, his long-time Treasurer
Chapter 4 :
Paul Keating
Paul Keating had a long parliamentary career which included an eight-year stint as federal Treasurer and a five year term as Prime Minister
As Treasurer he was responsible for the policy of radical economic deregulation which had a major effect on the Australian economy throughout the 1980s and 1990s
Keating is well-known for his sharp wit, creative put-downs of Opposition members and forceful style of argument
During his time in office he pushed for an Australian republic, for increased engagement with Asia and for Reconciliation with the Aboriginal people. He also put the High Court's Mabo decision on Aboriginal Native Title into law
His economic management skills under attack from John Howard, Keating lost power in 1996
Chapter 5 :
John Howard
John Howard had a long career before becoming Australia's second longest serving Prime Minister
Howard is best known for the GST, the sale of Telstra, and the failed republic referendum
He is also known for tough border protection laws and anti-terrorism legislation
Howard also overturned some provisions of Native Title
Although his Treasurer Peter Costello had leadership ambitions, Howard remained a popular Prime Minister
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