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White Australia: Immigration Restriction Act 1901
Topic : White Australia: Immigration Restriction Act 1901
In this topic you will learn...
Chapter 1 :
History of racist attitudes and fear
Many white-Australians believed that the Aboriginal people were primitive and inferior to them
Immigrants from China, Japan and the Pacific Islands experienced racism throughout the 19th century
White-Australians often feared that immigrants would provide cheap, coloured labour and would take their jobs
At Federation, the ethnic composition of the Australian population was predominantly from the British Isles
In the colonial era, the population was British-born and read British books which often portrayed villains as black natives
Chapter 2 :
Economics: Pacific Islanders and Asian workers
The Chinese who came to Australia during the gold rush of the 1950s faced racism and even violence
There were concerns the Chinese miners would take the jobs of white-workers
From 1863, Pacific Islanders immigrated to work on the sugarcane plantations
Pacific Islanders received £6 per year which was the same as what white, unskilled-labourers earned per week
The Japanese divers showed their expertise in the dangerous pearl industry in Broome
They were so valuable to the industry that they were exempt from immigration restrictions in the early 1900s
Chapter 3 :
Commonwealth government policy and legislation
The majority of people at the turn of the century wanted Australia to be a white-society
On 23 December the Immigration Restriction Act 1901 (Cth) was given Royal Assent
Britain was concerned the Act would create tension with their Indian subjects and Japanese allies
Pacific Islanders had been imported into the country since 1863 to work on the sugarcane fields
The Pacific Island Labourers Act 1901 (Cth) allowed them to be deported
Chapter 4 :
Perceptions of the White Australia Policy
Most Australians were in favour of a 'White Australia Policy' out of the belief it would preserve the jobs of white workers
The British were concerned that Australian immigration restrictions would offend their Indian subjects and Japanese allies
The Japanese believed they should not be included in the restrictions because they were superior to other Asian races
Many Pacific Islanders had made Queensland their home and did not want to be deported
Sugarcane farmers feared that they would not make as much profit when cheap labourers were deported
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