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Year 9 NSW
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Australia between the wars: 1920s
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A significant political development in the 1920s
Topic : A significant political development in the 1920s
In this topic you will learn...
Chapter 1 :
Voting
Compulsory voting was first utilised in Australia in 1915 in a Queensland State election
Despite its recommendations, compulsory voting was sidelined until 1918 then 1924
Herbert Payne and Edward Mann successfully sponsored a bill to have compulsory voting in Commonwealth elections
Compulsory voting was utilised at a national level in 1925
Preferential voting was introduced in 1918
Preferential voting allowed voters to rank the political parties according to their personal preference
More Australian voters voted in elections and had more opportunity to express their political opinions
Chapter 2 :
The Country Party
The Country Party was originally established to represent the interests of farmers and primary producers
In 1914, eight rural Western Australian politicians succeeded in moving to State parliament
Prime Minister Billy Hughes planned to improve Australia's economy but it seemed that with this improvement, farmers and primary producers might lose out
In 1920, eleven representatives formed the Country Party
The Country Party was courted by the National Party and the two formed a coalition, winning the 1923 election. Stanley Melbourne Bruce became Prime Minister
Through the coalition, the original emphasis of the Country Party on the plight of rural workers changed to the development of Australia's economy
Bruce introduced many economic policies such as 'Protection All Round' and 'Men, Money, and Markets'
In 1926, the National-Country Party formed the CSIRO to develop new products to improve Australian agricultural practices
The constant neglect of workers and a policy of punishment in return for protest led to the National-Country Party being ousted in 1929 in favour of Labor
Despite the problems the National-Country Party faced with workers, the government was successful in leading Australia through the 1920s with few social problems
Chapter 3 :
Unionism and the ACTU
The political development of unionism and the ACTU in 1920s is closely connected with the experience of workers and the rise and fall of the Country Party
Unionism began in Australia in the 1830s
Unions represent the needs, wants and concerns of workers to employers and the government
Unions are an important part of politics as workers comprise a large percentage of the voting population of Australia
Unions are usually located on the left wing of the political spectrum whereas the conservative government of the 1920s was located towards the right wing
The changed workforce of the post-World War I years saw employment and working conditions an important issue for workers and unions
The National-Country government turned its attentions to developing Australia's economy but did not consider improving the working conditions, wages and hours of the workers to match
The unions had great difficulty negotiating with the government and workers held many strikes, paralysing Australian industry
There was a move towards developing One Big Union but the plans were never implemented
Angered by the strikes and economic problems, Prime Minister Bruce moved to punish workers and unions
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