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Year 9 NSW
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Maps 2
Topic : Maps 2
In this topic you will learn...
Chapter 1 :
Locating features on a map: latitude and longitude
Lines of latitude are a number of imaginary horizontal lines which run from east to west across the Earth
Lines of longitude are imaginary vertical lines which run from north to south on the Earth
The most important line of latitude is the equator and the most important line of longitude is the Greenwich Meridian
Lines of latitude and longitude are measured in degrees, minutes and seconds
Latitude and longitude are used to accurately locate places on a map
Chapter 2 :
Locating features on a map: area and grid references
Topographic maps often feature area and grid references
Area and grid references are determined using eastings (vertical lines) and northings (horizontal lines)
Area references comprise 4 figures and grid references comprise six figures
Street maps use their own system of references, which include the use of both numbers and letters
Chapter 3 :
Identifying physical and cultural features on a map
A physical feature is something which has been made by nature
Cultural features are those which have been made by humans
Most maps include some basic physical and/or cultural features, but depict them differently
Physical features on topographic maps are shown using contour lines and on physical maps they are shown using shading
Cultural features such as borders are shown using bold lines on political maps
Chapter 4 :
Identifying and interpreting relief
Relief is the difference in elevation between parts of the Earth's surface
Early cartographers used hachuring to show surface features
Hill shading and spot heights began to be developed around the 18th century
Since hill shading did not accurately depict height, layer tinting was developed
Contour lines are commonly used on topographic maps, to show elevation, slope and shape
Chapter 5 :
Synoptic charts
A synoptic chart is a weather map, which conveys information about air pressure, rainfall, wind and temperature
Isobars connect points which share the same atmospheric pressure
On a synoptic chart, rainfall (in the past 24 hours) is usually shown with shading
On a synoptic chart, wind speed and direction are shown using a barb
Synoptic charts do not usually feature measurements of temperature
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