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Year 9 NSW
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Payment and records
Topic : Payment and records
In this topic you will learn...
Chapter 1 :
Instant payment
Cash involves notes and coins of an agreed value
Cash is easily exchanged and widely accepted
Cash cannot be recovered once lost and it is difficult to carry a lot of cash
Direct debit transfers money from one account to another
EFTPOS and BPAY are two common methods of direct debit
Direct debit has more security features than cash
Not all businesses have the facilities to process direct debit payments and the process may incur fees
Money transfer is a form of direct debit that does not require the use of bank accounts
Money transfers incur a fee and are limited by the location of the money transfer service
A cheque is a document that outlines the transfer of money from one party to another and must be processed by a financial institution
Chapter 2 :
Deferred payment
Your ability to pay back a loan limits the amount of money you can borrow
A loan is an agreement where a consumer agrees to borrow money, usually from a financial institution, and repay it with interest
You would take out a loan for purchases that you cannot afford yet, but from which you will benefit in the meantime
Because you pay interest on a loan, you pay more for an item than its initial price
A loan may take several years or decades to repay
If you cannot repay the loan, the lending institution may repossess the item
Credit cards allow the holder to take out small loans with the issuing institution in a time-restricted lending cycle
Credit cards have a limit and if you do not repay the loan, charge interest on the money you owe at the end of a lending cycle
Lay-by is a type of loan where the vendor withholds the item until you pay for it
In a lay-by transaction you pay a deposit to reserve the item and then pay the remainder in a set time
Chapter 3 :
Records and receipts
A receipt is a document that provides information about a purchase
Receipt details include the item, price, payment method, date and vendor details
Income is money that you earn or acquire
Expenditure is money that you spend
A debt is money that you owe
The balance is the amount remaining of your income subtracting your expenditure and your debts
The balance can be positive or negative and reflects your true financial status
A record should also note businesses you have paid, when and how much you paid and debts that remain unpaid
Ledgers are ruled books for keeping written financial records
Spreadsheets are electronic ledgers with a system of rows, columns and cells that holds information and/or formulae for calculation
Chapter 4 :
Systems of payment - past and future
Money is a means of exchange
In a transaction, both parties must accept the value of the means of exchange
Money must be durable to retain its value
Money must be portable for it to be readily exchanged
Money must be available in divisible units for an exact transaction
It should be difficult to copy money in order to prevent counterfeiting
The scarcity of money gives it its value
Inflation is the decline of the value of money
Barter is a system of exchange involving the trade of goods or services
A `double coincidence of want` is the mutual satisfaction gained from an exchange of a product or service in a barter system
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